Individual Behavior Essay Example for Free

Individual Behavior Essay Individual behavior differs from person to person and most differences are based on the background of the individual. Some elements that can affect ones background to influence their individual behavior can include religion, age, occupation, values and attitude differences, gender, and even ethnicity. These individual behaviors can cause people to act differently to situations and can create friction or even chemistry in the work place. The age of a person can be a large factor in the way they behave. There are studies that prove maturity can come at different ages but in most cases maturity is something that is learned and grown into. Age in a work place can work against someone or for them. A young age can be a downfall if there is lack of maturity and experience and old age can be a downfall due to lack of energy or knowledge of new technologies. With that being said I think that it is important that age should not be the deciding factor as to how someone will act. There are many young people who have the maturity to carry many responsibilities and show good individual behavior. Some older individuals have adapted their behavior to fit more suitable into the technologies that have developed over the past few years. More and more people are on Facebook (www. facebook. com) than ever, and it is common to see individuals of all ages on the popular website. You can also find with age individuals depending on their age will have their priorities in different orders. The occupation of a person can also attribute to their individual behavior. For example say there is an individual who works in the public eye like a Senator or Congressman, they are going to be more careful for the things that they say and do because they will not wish the media to catch wind and bring them in a negative media down pour about the situation. When you work in the lime light you have to be cautious about your wording and your actions. There are many occupations that are not in the public eye that also has to think about their individual behavior and make sure that they set a good example because of their occupation. Take a teacher for example it is very important that they do not act in an bad individual behavior because it can have an affect on their job. For instant it would be bad to post pictures of yourself drunk to a popular social networking sight if you are a teacher because you are to be a role model and that is individual behavior that you should not wish your students to witness. Many professionals will maintain their professional behavior when they are dealing with their work and with their lives. Professional behavior usually consists of being calm and thinking your actions and words through before acting upon them. Many professionals also like to make educated guesses instead of sporadic leaps into new things. Many individuals will learn their professionalism from their occupation and it is something that they can carry over into their individual behavior. Religion is a set of beliefs concerning the cause, nature, and purpose of life and the universe, especially when considered as the creation of a supernatural agency,[1] or human beings’ relation to that which they regard as holy, sacred, spiritual, or divine. [2] Many religions have narratives, symbols, traditions and sacred histories that are intended to give meaning to life. They tend to derive morality, ethics, religious laws or a preferred lifestyle from their ideas about the cosmos and human nature (www. wikipedia. com). That definition alone can should one how religion could influence someone’s individual behavior. Unlike the other elements religion is something, for the most part, that can be chosen by the individual. A person can be brought up with religious beliefs, can adapt to the beliefs, and can even change their religious beliefs. A religion can have strict guidelines as to how their followers should behave some may even have diets or wardrobe requirements that can affect their individual behavior. Values can run hand in hand with religion on some basis. Many religions have a foundation on values and morals that their followers should abide by. When a situation occurs and a decision needs to be made you can understand a lot about a person by their individual behavior. It is usually the person’s values or morals that help them make the decision on what action to take when the situation presented itself. Attitudes about differences can affect ones individual behavior. Someone who is high strung can tend to have a little more dramatic attitudes about differences opposed to a laidback individual who has a peaceful nature and can tend to look at differences with a positive. When attitudes turn negative ones individual behavior can become defenseful, frightful, or even protective. In conclusion there are many parts that tie together to create an individual behavior and those behaviors can be influenced by many different elements. Although many individuals can have common elements in their background it is hard to find an individual behavior that is the exact same. Individual behavior can show a lot about the way a person was brought up, their beliefs, age, and even gender. It can show their religious beliefs or just their attitude but it is certain that one’s individual behavior is something that the individual chooses for their self. It is a way they like to act regarding to a situation.

The Deaths of Antigone and Creon :: Free Essay Writer

The Deaths of Antigone and Creon Antigone and Creon are the main characters of the play Antigone written by Sophocles. Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus, who was a major figure of ancient Greek myth. Oedipus accidentally killed his father and married his mother. Because of that act, Oedipus ended up cursing his family and died a horrible death. After his death, his sons inherited his kingdom and in a power struggle ended up killing each other. One of the sons, Polynices attacked the city to try and claim power from his brother. But since both of the brothers died and the city was not taken Polynices was labeled as a traitor whereas the other brother who died defending the city was celebrated as a hero. Creon decreed at the beginning of the play Antigone that no one was to bury the body of traitorous Polynices. Antigone felt that it was here responsibility to bury the body because he was still a member of her family. This led to a huge argument with Creon who felt he shouldn’t be crossed because he was the leader of the state. Eventually both Creon and Antigone are destroyed by the gods (and by each other) through their own actions. Antigone is a powerful character, strong-willed, determined and at times self-righteous. She is contrasted by her sister Ismene, who is weak and powerless. Though Antigone is a powerful character, she has no real political power and is dominated by one man, Creon. Creon is both the ruler of the state as well as the patriarch of her family. Antigone was raised by Creon’s house after her own father went in to exile. Antigone is betrothed to Creon’s son, Haemon, further cementing Creon’s power over her. There is one aspect of life that Antigone does have legitimate power in and that is her family, especially her blood line. In ancient-Greek culture the women’s place was in the home, she was responsible for household things and often wasn’t even allowed to leave the house. It is because of this responsibility that Antigone needed to bury her brother Polynices even though it went against the decree of Creon. Antigone also had the gods on her side. It was an unwritten rule of ancient Greek society that the dead must be buried, otherwise bad things may happen. This rule, because it was unwritten and therefore innate, was protected by the gods, specifically Hades, the god of the underworld and family. The Deaths of Antigone and Creon :: Free Essay Writer The Deaths of Antigone and Creon Antigone and Creon are the main characters of the play Antigone written by Sophocles. Antigone is the daughter of Oedipus, who was a major figure of ancient Greek myth. Oedipus accidentally killed his father and married his mother. Because of that act, Oedipus ended up cursing his family and died a horrible death. After his death, his sons inherited his kingdom and in a power struggle ended up killing each other. One of the sons, Polynices attacked the city to try and claim power from his brother. But since both of the brothers died and the city was not taken Polynices was labeled as a traitor whereas the other brother who died defending the city was celebrated as a hero. Creon decreed at the beginning of the play Antigone that no one was to bury the body of traitorous Polynices. Antigone felt that it was here responsibility to bury the body because he was still a member of her family. This led to a huge argument with Creon who felt he shouldn’t be crossed because he was the leader of the state. Eventually both Creon and Antigone are destroyed by the gods (and by each other) through their own actions. Antigone is a powerful character, strong-willed, determined and at times self-righteous. She is contrasted by her sister Ismene, who is weak and powerless. Though Antigone is a powerful character, she has no real political power and is dominated by one man, Creon. Creon is both the ruler of the state as well as the patriarch of her family. Antigone was raised by Creon’s house after her own father went in to exile. Antigone is betrothed to Creon’s son, Haemon, further cementing Creon’s power over her. There is one aspect of life that Antigone does have legitimate power in and that is her family, especially her blood line. In ancient-Greek culture the women’s place was in the home, she was responsible for household things and often wasn’t even allowed to leave the house. It is because of this responsibility that Antigone needed to bury her brother Polynices even though it went against the decree of Creon. Antigone also had the gods on her side. It was an unwritten rule of ancient Greek society that the dead must be buried, otherwise bad things may happen. This rule, because it was unwritten and therefore innate, was protected by the gods, specifically Hades, the god of the underworld and family.

Tulips by Sylvia Plath

Tulips by Sylvia Plath Tulips, by Sylvia Plath seems to be a poetic expression of depression. The speaker who I assume is Plath is describing the psychological effects after a surgical procedure,which I feel is the time when sadly Plath miscarried her baby. The poem was written through her own view in a hospital room, where the reader is given an insight to the inner thoughts of a woman who has gone through a terrible ordeal, and the objects around her which influence her mentality. The poem follows Plath's admission into hospital and the heart-rendering account of her attempt to recover.There are nine stanzas in the poem, each with five lines, there is no evident rhyme pattern and there is little structure to the poem, although the lack of organization in each stanza seems to be a reflection of the confusion and the loss of control that Plath feels, the only structure shared between the stanzas is the abundance of punctuation, creating a slow rhythm throughout the poem, although Pla th uses alliteration to increase fluency in parts of the poem, â€Å"plastic-pillowed†, â€Å"water went† and â€Å"light lies on white walls†.Plaths tone is serene throughout the poem, however there is a sarcastic tone when she says â€Å"The tulips are too excitable, it is winter here†. The tone of the poem starts out as depressed and bleak then changes into more dynamic and hopeful and the imagery more surreal: â€Å"the mouth of some great African cat†. In the first two stanzas, Plath talks about the situation and her surroundings, whereas the rest of the stanzas reveal her feelings.The most symbolic item in the poem is the tulips, their colour is the first contrast brought to light, they are red and they clash with the white room, they drink in her oxygen and fill the room with life, she describes how nice it had been before the tulips came in and robbed her peaceful isolation. Their redness reminded her of her wound and the tulips lightly bre athing through their white swaddling reminds her of the baby she has lost. In the end the flowers win and begin to overtake the dull whiteness that Plath once found so peaceful. the walls, also, seem to be warming themselves. Another contrast to the red tulips is Plath's use of white as a symbol. The imagery described in the first two stanzas is all white, meaning the absence of colour, which is figurative for the lack of life. â€Å"How white everything is†, â€Å"white walls†, â€Å"white lids†, â€Å"white caps†, she is propped between the white pillow and the white sheet, white is clean and pure and the contrast between the white, sterile surroundings and the red of the tulips is too distracting.Plath uses colour imagery to manifest the themes of life, the red of the tulips is symbolic for life, the colour of blood, and tulips are associated with spring which is a contrast to the winter outside. It is customary to send flowers to a funeral or when som ebody dies, they symbolise a tribute to the life of the one who has died, â€Å"I didn't want flowers† she did not want to be reminded that her baby would never have a life for her to pay tribute to, the tulips were an intrusion on her grief and since they were given as a loving gesture, she looks at them in contempt. â€Å"Nobody watched me before, now I am watched. †Plath includes several references to water, â€Å"my body is a pebble to them, they tend it as water tends to the pebbles it must run over. † â€Å"Water went. † â€Å"The way a river snags and eddies. † The water is symbolic of the tears she has shed over her loss. The interactions between Plath and the nurses are portrayed as cold and impersonal, they do not regard her as an individual, her body is compared to a â€Å"pebble†, an inanimate object with no identity. There is no communication between the nurses and Plath, they simply deliver her medication: â€Å"they bring me numbness in their bright needles, they bring me sleep†, they come to relieve her pain.She seems to relate most things back to her illness, using similes to compare her overnight case to a black pill box. â€Å"They have swabbed me clear of my loving associations†, this could be an indication of what depression does to a person, it robs them of joy In life that comes from loving associations. Even her own family are a cruel reminder of what she has lost: â€Å"My husband and child smiling out of the family photo; Their smilies catch onto my skin, little smiling hooks. † although Plath has no desire for life it is her family and the tulips that are keeping her from letting go, retaining her from sinking.She wants to be free to just be, but the tulips remind her that she has people who love and need her Electroshock treatment, recovery from a suicide attempt and miscarriage were only a few of the times Sylvia Plath was hospitalised. Plath was diagnosed with a combin ation of severe depression, acute insomnia and bipolar disorder (Griffin) the time she spent in hospital and her mental illness are reflected in her poetry. Plath's description of the hospital setting may be a reflection of her own experiences when hospitalised, this would explain why she is so detached from the medical staff.The entire point of the poem is simply how these flowers show her that she can never truly be free from her pain, There will always be something there to remind her of it, sadly we all know the outcome of Sylvia Plaths life and how sad it seems today that Sylvia Plath had to face her mental illness at a time when no one knew the truth about how to treat it. This poem reflects the same depth, grief and creativity that was expressed within the life of Sylvia Plath, and because of her beautiful mind we are left with the gifts she left behind, and Tulips is one of them.

International Event Production Operations Management...

Highly skilled and experienced graduate with proven event management and marketing skills. Demonstrated the ability to take on higher levels of responsibility having successfully organised, planned and marketed National events and campaigns throughout Australia. †¢ Marketing Communications †¢ Digital Marketing, EDM etc †¢ Stakeholder Management †¢ Social Media Management Qualifications Education: †¢ National Event Production †¢ Operations Management †¢ Crisis Management †¢ Invoicing Purchasing †¢ Proficient Microsoft Office Skills †¢ Staff and Volunteer Management †¢ Digital Design †¢ Ad-Hoc Administration QUALIFICATIONS EDUCATION Other Accreditations: 2015 Responsible Conduct of Gambling 2015 Responsible Service of Alcohol 2014 TAB Basics Training Course 2009 Bar Skills PROFESSIONAL EXPERIENCE 2014 Graduate: Bachelor of Management In Event Leisure Industries at University of Technology Sydney 2009 Graduate: High School Certificate Brigidine College St Ives Popcorn X EVENT PRODUCER: The National Winter Festival - www.winterfestival.com.au Australia’s only National European Winter Festival based in the heart of each capital city. Reporting to the Operations Director: †¢ Contracted to October 2016 ï ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Ã¯ ¿ ¼Leading and developing all elements of ‘The National Winter Festival’ from initial brief and venue sourcing, production, ï ¿ ¼site mapping, lighting and sound, vendors, merchandise and all on-site logistics pre – post event. †¢ Executing all internal and external management objectivesShow MoreRelatedAn Empirical Analysis Of Supply Chain Risk Management1692 Words   |  7 Pagespaper titled â€Å"An empirical analysis of supply chain risk management in the German automotive industry† applied the practices of supply chain risk management by surveying sixty-seven manufacturing plants in German automotive industry. The need of real empirical research in supply chain risk management to help analyzing supply chain risk and test the previous research proposed instruments that can be applied for supply chain risk management was the motivation of this work. In this paper, the occurrenceRead MoreHow Has Globalization Impacted Water Scarcity?1257 Words   |  6 PagesSouthern Spain have already been affected by water scarcity issues. Water is critical for many businesses because all goods require water in their production. Companies are increasingly facing a physical shortage of water which, in turn, leads to new regulatory and reputational consequences. The world has to pay close attention to the fresh water crisis because if it doesn’t there will be many more problems than just shortages of drinking water. Both water and food supply are tightly connected. WithoutRead MoreBp Oil Spillage : British Petroleum Company1690 Words   |  7 PagesThe BP Oil Spillage British Petroleum Company (BP) is among the major international gas and oil companies in the world. It provides clients with energy for light and heat, fuel for transportation, lubricants, and other petrochemical products that are used in manufacturing various items. The company’s primary goal is to deliver value to its customers by utilizing its distinctive capabilities, managing the quality of its portfolio, and setting clear goals. However, an unprecedented explosion of BPRead MoreThe International Energy Agency Is A Paris Based Autonomous Intergovernmental Organization1512 Words   |  7 Pages The International Energy Agency is a Paris-based autonomous intergovernmental organization, an international energy forum under the Organization for Economic Development and Cooperation (OECD) . Established in 1974, the IEA was developed by major oil-consuming nations as a response to the 1973-74 oil crisis, initially designed to help the country members coordinate a collective response to major oil supply disruptions – a role that continues to be fulfilled to this very day. Over time the IEA hasRead MoreToyotas Future Appear Confused1309 Words   |  6 Pagesappear confused. Following a recall of gas pedal, the car company was forced to suspend its sales and then cease the production of the affected models. Both Toyota owners and American politicians became distrustful towards the previously known reputable company. The bad reputation emerged as a result of Toyota’s inaction and not necessarily its actions (Hemus, â€Å"Accelerating towards Crisis: APR View of Toyota ’s Recall†). It brings into perspective the cultural variation, stereotypic nature, and the globalRead MoreThe Importance of Safety in Coal Mining Companies658 Words   |  3 Pagessuffer huge production losses. Government and the Focus on Safety The government has adopted a strong stance on Coal Mining Safety and has extended a commitment towards increasing general safety for mineworkers. It is envisaged that greater cooperation could contribute to the safety efforts. Government continues to engage in constructive discussions to engage with both business and labour on how to improve on safety. Growth and Safety BHP Billiton had decided to expand its operations through theRead MoreRelationship Between Planning Controlling Functions of Management.1125 Words   |  5 PagesInterrelationship between Planning Controlling Functions of Management. Ashiqur Rahman Sami Business Administration Discipline Allama Iqbal UNIVERSITY, PAKISTAN Interrelationship between Planning Controlling Functions of Management. Before we go to specify the interrelationship between the Planning and Controlling Function of Business we have to define Planning and Controlling first. Planning: Planning is a basic managerial function. It involves deciding on a courseRead MoreCase Study : Nissan s Operation Management1514 Words   |  7 Pagesable to recover so quickly because the company had a crisis plan already in place, which involved international connections, relationships and deals with suppliers. In this essay, Nissan’s operation management functions will be discussed, in addition to the critical path method (CPM) and the program evaluation and review technique (PERT) and how these methods can be fused with the company’s project management. Nissan uses many operation management functions in their business, which includes: planningRead MorePlanning Case Application : Icelandic Volcano1379 Words   |  6 Pagesless flexible and poor business model and higher geographical exposure. An estimation of seven million passengers were left grounded without money for shelter, with the shutdowns’ effecting businesses and company production. Lastly, as managers lessons were learned from aviation’s crisis, addressing the risks of future eruptions, interruptions of air travel and investigating various ways to reduce the negative impacts in the future. Planning for this situation This situation embody the significanceRead MoreCase Study Management Functions Of Nissan Motor Company Essay1571 Words   |  7 PagesMilestone One: Nissan Case Study The purpose of this paper is to examine and evaluate the use of operational management functions used by Nissan Motor Company Ltd. The paper will prove to show how Nissan uses operations management functions to provide products and generate value for its customers. CPM and PERT will be discussed to see how they fit into the company’s operational and project management systems. Lastly, this paper will identify the steps used to developing a forecasting system and also supply

Ware, Wear, and Where How to Choose the Right Word

The commonly confused words ware, wear, and where are homophones, although some people pronounce where with a slight puff of air at the beginning. The three are different parts of speech—noun, verb, and adverb, respectively—and have three very different meanings. How to Use Ware While the noun ware has a couple of obscure meanings in English (seaweed and object of care), the most common definition in American English usage is merchandise. Ware is a collective noun and used both in the singular (ware) and plural (wares) forms to mean the goods or commodities that a merchant or shop has to sell. The Old English form was waru, which it meant the same thing: a collective term for merchandise or manufacture. How to Use Wear The verb wear (pronounced the same as ware) has two common meanings. The first is the action of wearing or carrying clothing or accessories. One wears a coat, a tie, a watch, a skirt, shoes. The second common meaning is to erode or deteriorate in bulk or quality by continued or continuing use. One could wear a hole in a pocket by carrying a watch instead of wearing it; the winter weather can wear potholes in the street. The Old English form of the word was spelled were. How to Use Where The adverb  and conjunction  where refers to a place, position, or situation. As an adverb, where can be used as a question, meaning in or at what place, position or circumstance. It can be rhetorical. For example, when you ask: Where has the time gone? there is no reasonable answer. As a conjunction, where means a physical place, as in I shall stay right where I am. According to linguist Donka Minkova, today only about 10–12% of English speakers in the United States pronounce where with the initial puff of air which linguists know as /hw/, the voiceless bilabial. Pronunciation in any language is a long slow evolutionary process that never ceases: Minkova believes that the change in pronunciation from /wh-/ /w-/ in where began in Old English. (Interestingly, she also reports that beginning in the 16th and 17th century, /hw/ was reintroduced into words like wheeze, whiff, and whisk, which were once pronounced without it.)   However, you choose to pronounce it, where shares some of the Old English word history with there and here, all of which mean place. The Old English form was hwaer, meaning place. Examples Ware is a collective noun meaning manufactured or other goods. Ernies magic shop was full of ware I needed for my act: wands, witching balls, wizards hats, and wabbits, er rabbits.Says  Simple Simon  to the pieman, let me taste your  ware. In this case, the ware refers to pies. As a verb, wear can mean to carry or bear something on your body: She wears the most interesting earrings.What are you wearing to the prom? The verb wear can also mean erode: Exposure to the weather wears away the sharp edges of brick in older buildings.The constant barrage of bad news wears on my morale. And as a noun, wear can mean eroded or damaged: That old smock of yours shows quite a bit of wear.The wear on the book is substantial: its pages are dog-eared. Where always refers to a location: Where does your family come from?Did you see where Janis went? How to Remember the Differences These three words are tricky to remember while youre writing. Connect wares to merchandise by thinking of the rabbits (hares) that might be sold in a magic shop. If you want to wear something, make it earrings, and if you want to ask about the location of something, remember that it is neither here nor there, so where is it? Sources Minkova, Donka. Philology, Linguistics, and the History of [Hw]~[W]. Studies in the History of the English Language Ii: Unfolding Conversations. Eds. Curzan, Anne and Kimberley Emmons. Berlin: Mouton de Gruyter, 2004. 7-46. Print.Vandermay, Randall, et al. Ware, Wear, Where. The College Writer: A Guide to Thinking, Writing, and Researching. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company, 2008. 618.5. Print. wear. Oxford Living Dictionaries. Web.  en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wearware. Oxford Living Dictionaries. Web.  en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/warewhere. Oxford Living Dictionaries. Web.  en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/wherewhere. Merriam-Webster Dictionary. Web.  www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/where

Judgment in Peter Shaffers Equus and Albert Camus The...

Personal judgment in Peter Shaffer’s Equus and Albert Camus’ The Stranger, though internal in the first and external in the latter, mirrors society’s judgment of those who differ from the norm. The two postmodernist authors both use judgment as a tool to promote the postmodern idea that society oppresses and criticizes people who are not like everyone else. Camus and Shaffer place specific motifs and elements into their novels in order to push the idea of societal judgment on the reader. However, while the ideas may be the same, Camus and Shaffer use them contrastingly. Shaffer tends to use judgment of the self while Camus leans towards judgment of others, but the judgment ultimately leads back to people who do not conform to the norm.†¦show more content†¦The combination of the setting of a trial, the inspection of Meursault, and the anonymity of the jurors leads to an unmistakable sense of external evaluation and consequently societal judgment in The Stranger. Camus and Shaffer use these physical elements in their works in order to permeate both texts with a sense of societal criticism. Shaffer and Camus pass judgment on Dysart and Meursault through their lack and removal of passion. In Equus, Dysart specifically mentions the lack of passion in himself. When speaking to Hesther, Dysart criticizes himself for his fake love for the wild and primitive. He states, â€Å"I settled for being pallid and provincial, out of my own eternal timidity† (2.25). This statement, just a small part of the entire rant against himself, is opposed by Hesther. Dysart, as a psychiatrist, tries to remove emotion and individuality from his patients, specifically Alan. Unlike Hesther, who sees psychiatry as removing pain, Dysart judges himself for becoming a person who removes uniqueness. Alan contains too much emotion to ever be considered normal and as the play continues Dysart becomes more and more opposed to ‘fixing’ him. Dysartà ¢â‚¬â„¢s specific speeches about how he hates himself for becoming impassionate and removing the passion in his patients contrast with society’s normal views. These rants, because they are inShow MoreRelatedA Comparison Peter Shaffers Equus and Albert Camuss The Stranger1042 Words   |  5 PagesThe ways in which truths are presented to external audiences concerning outside characters display not only a good judgment of character on the presenter, but furthermore, the often insignificant nature of whom the presenter is talking about, even if the insignificance presented is accidental. Both Peter Shaffer’s Equus and Albert Camus’ The Stranger approach different ways in presenting the truths of Alan Strang and Meursault to the audience/jury, but one thing remains clear; intentional or unintentional

Qantas Airlines Position Regards Delivery †Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Qantas Airlines Position Regards Delivery? Answer: Introducation During the negotiation of a contract, there are representations with regards to the products from the seller directed at the buyer. However, all these representations do not form part of the contract. The ones which are considered important by either of the parties is drafted into the contract and hence called the contractual terms. It is imperative that there must not be violation of the terms of the contract by either of the parties (Carter, 2012). The result of the violation of the term would be dependent on the fact whether the given term is a condition or a warranty. The conditions are typically those clauses which are so essential for the contract that in the absence of these, one of the parties would not enter the contract only. As a result, violation of any condition provides the right to the innocent party to declare the contract as void and also claim damages. This has been highlighted in the verdict of the Poussard v Spiers (1876) 1 QBD 410 case (Gibson Fraser, 2014). However, if the term breached represents a warranty, then the innocent party cannot declare the contract as void and instead can only claim damages to the extent of the losses suffered due to the breach of warranty. This is in line with the verdict of the Bettini v Gye (1876) 1 QBD 183 case (Harvey, 2009). One of the ways to minimize the liability of a contractual party is through the insertion of an exclusion clause. This tends to either waive the complete liability or limit the same (Carter, 2012). In order for this clause to be applicable, the following conditions would need to be fulfilled. Communication of the clause before contract enactment The exclusion clause would be valid only when the clause has been brought to notice or communicated to the other party. In this regards, the party inserting the clause is expected to take reasonable efforts to put across the same to the other party irrespective of the fact whether the other party takes notice of the same despite sincere efforts (Lindgren, 2011). The exclusion clause which are inserted after the enactment of contract are not considered as enforceable which has been made apparent in the decision given by the honorable court in Thornton v Shoe Lane Parking [1971] 1 All ER 686 and Olley v Marlborough Court [1949] 1KB 532 case (Paterson, Robertson and Duke, 2015). Legality of the underlying clause It is pivotal that the concerned exclusion clause must not be used as a defense against any misleading and deceptive conduct which is required so as to safeguard the interest of the consumer (Davenport Parker, 2014). Exclusion clause related to negligence In relation to potential negligent conduct it is necessary, that the party which inserts the exclusion clause regarding liability limitation or waiver in case of negligence must take reasonable measures to communicate to the other party that the clause has been inserted only with the intent of escaping or minimizing liability in case of negligence being exhibited (Gibson and Fraser, 2014). Application Based on the given facts, it is apparent that there has been a contract between Airbus and Qantas with regards to supply of the airplane which would lead to daily savings to the extent of $800,000. There were a number of terms included in the contract with one being that the in-flight video system would have 36 channels for the entertainment of the passengers. There were other terms related to the engine and the distance that could be covered in a single flight. The plane that Airbus provided to Qantas had only 34 channels in the inflight video on account of software error on account of confusion. Clearly, the number of in-flight video channels would be termed as a warranty as it is not so essential to the contract. As a result, Qantas can only claim damages from Airbus since it is at fault for complying with the contractual term but cannot cancel the contract. With regards to the quantum of liability, the exclusion clause which limits the liability of Airbus to $ 300,000 would not be applicable as during the contract negotiation or in the contract, there has been no mention of this exclusion clause and hence in line with the verdict prescribed in Olley v Marlborough Court [1949] 1KB 532, the exclusion clause would not apply and hence Qantas can claim all the financial damage which would be caused on account of the time delay and loss of savings.Agency law would come into existence when principal has appointed a person (agent) to execute contracts with the third party. As per this law, it is the main responsibility of the agent to follow the instruction of the principal and work accordingly. This is because the third party would enter into legal relationship with the agent by considering the fact the agent has sufficient authorization. Further, these agreements would be enforceable on the principal and the third party has the legal position to claim for damages or sue the principal for not satisfying the contractual obligations (Gibson Fraser, 2014). The enacted contract would be enforceable on principal only when any of the following authority is possessed by the agent and the agent acts within the scope of the same (Harvey, 2009). In this authorization, the principal would provide the authority either orally or through written mode. This is the case of express actual authority. While, the principal does not express the authority directly but has entitled the agent with respective profile/position to conduct the act, then this is termed as implied actual authority. The Watteau v Fenwick[1893] 1 QB 346 case is the evident of actual authority. The requisite aspect is that the principal must notify the agents authorization to the third party (Paterson, Robertson and Duke, 2015). When the agent has enacted contract with third party in order to safeguard the interest of the principal irrespective of the requisite authority, then this is called authority of necessity. The Northern Railway Co. vSwaffield(1874)LR 9 Ex 132 case provides evidence in this regard (Davenport Parker, 2014). In this case, the principals objective is not to extend any authority to agent, but because to the agents existing authority and related work, the third party presumes that the agent has sufficient authorization. In this case also, the enacted contract by the agent would be enforceable on the principal. The judgment given in Freeman Lockyer v Buckhurst Park Properties[1964] 1 All ER 630 case provides evidence in this regard (Carter, 2012). Absence of any of the above authority would not lead to the enforceability of the contract on the principal. Therefore, in this scenario, the principal is not liable to fulfill the obligations of the contract enacted by the agent with the third party. The verdict of Yonge v Toynbee[1910] 1 KB 215 case is the witness of this aspect (Lindgren, 2011). There are set of responsibilities/duties that must be adhered to by the agent in regards to the conduct towards the principal. It is the responsibility of the agent to act in good faith and safeguard the interest of the principal (Gibson Fraser, 2014). Agent must not conduct a work on the name of principal for his own personal interest as per the decision of Christie v Harcourt[1973] 2 NZLR 139 case. Agent must not make any secret money from principal as highlighted in Bentley v Craven(1853) 52 ER 29 case. Agent must not use the confidential information of principal for his own work as per Robb v Green[1895] 2 QB 315 case. Work as per the authority provided by the principal Agent must be conduct the work based on the instruction offered by the principal. Therefore, it is essential that agent must work as per the above highlighted facts or else the principal can sue agent and recover the damages. It is imperative to note that if the third party has enacted a contract with agent in good faith and the agent does not have necessary authority, then also the contract is binding on the principal. However, it is vital that the principal has not informed the third party regarding the level of authority or withdrawal of authority of agent. If principal denies, then the third party can sue the principal (Harvey, 2009). Frank is a sole trader who runs a shop which sells appliances. Gemma is working as a sales person for Frank. There is an old dishwasher in the shop with a cost of $350. Tom a customer wants to purchase this for $ 350 and he goes home to find the suitable space for dishwasher. At that moment only, Gemma called her niece and sold the dishwasher for the price $300 by misleading Frank that the true value is $ 300 and not higher. It is apparent that she has performed the work of her own interest because Tom is ready to pay $350 for the dishwasher. Therefore, the breach of fiduciary duty would extend the right to Frank that he can recover the damage of worth $50 from Gemma. Frank has employed Bob in his shop as a salesperson. Bobs duty is to sell large quantities of washing machines to laundries. Also, he has negotiated with Angela many times. Further, due to the bad habits or Bob (late coming to work and drinking), Frank has withdrawn all the authority from Bob and fired him. However, he does not notify this to Angela and later on, Bob sent an e- mail to Angela and offer 10 washing machines for $10,000. Angela accepted the offer and entered into contract with Bob and also made the contractual payment of $10,000. It is apparent that Bob has performed the act after the revocation of the authority and therefore, Frank can sue Bob for behaving fraudulently and can recover the damages. Also, Angela does not know that he has fired Bob and hence, enacted the contract in good faith. Therefore, the contractual liability would be enforceable on Frank and he has to deliver the ten washing machines to Angela at $ 10,000. If Frank refuses to deliver the order, then Angela can sue Frank and claim damages. Bo has enacted the contract irrespective of authority and hence, Frank can sue Bob and recover the amount of $10,000. Further, Frank has not notified Angela about the revocation of the authority from Bob and hence, Frank is accountable to complete the contractual liability. References Carter, J. (2012) Contract Act in Australia. (3rd ed.) Sydney: LexisNexis Publications. Davenport, S. Parker, D. (2014) Business and Law in Australia (2nd ed.). Sydney: LexisNexis Publications. Gibson, A. and Fraser, D. (2014) Business Law (8th ed.) Sydney: Pearson Publications. Harvey, C. (2009) Foundations of Australian law (3rd ed.) London: Tilde University Press. Latimer, P. (2005) Australian business law (24th ed) Sydney: CCH Australia Ltd. Lindgren, K.E. (2011) Vermeesch and Lindgren's Business Law of Australia (12th ed.) Sydney: LexisNexis Publications. Paterson, J. Robertson, A. Duke, A. (2015) Principles of Contract Law (5th ed.) Sydney: Thomson Reuters